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- nnnneeeexxxxtttt((((4444)))) nnnneeeexxxxtttt((((4444))))
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- NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
- next, au, sun - NeXT / Sun .au Audio File Formats
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- SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
- ####iiiinnnncccclllluuuuddddeeee <<<<ddddmmmmeeeeddddiiiiaaaa////aaaauuuuddddiiiiooooffffiiiilllleeee....hhhh>>>>
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- DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
- The Audio File Library currently supports 13 of the commonly found audio
- file formats, i.e., is able to recognize, read, and write sample data and
- header information to and from files in these formats. It is important
- not to confuse _s_a_m_p_l_e or _a_u_d_i_o _d_a_t_a _f_o_r_m_a_t_s with _f_i_l_e _f_o_r_m_a_t_s. The
- former refers to the bit-wise organization of the sound samples in the
- file, i.e., whether the format is 8-bit integer or 16-bit unsigned, etc.
- Audio file format refers to the structure of the _a_u_d_i_o _f_i_l_e _h_e_a_d_e_r, the
- chunk of on-disk data which preceeds the samples and which provides
- information about the file to the audio program. A single audio file
- format may support a large variety of sample formats.
-
- The NNNNeeeeXXXXTTTT FFFFiiiilllleeee FFFFoooorrrrmmmmaaaatttt ((((nnnneeeexxxxtttt)))) was created by NeXT, Inc. It consists of a
- fixed-length header of 24 bytes followed by a variable-length text or
- data block (minimum length 4 bytes), followed by a contiguous block of
- binary data representing the sound samples. Sun Microsystems, Inc., used
- this format as the model for their .au file format (but see CCCCAAAAVVVVEEEEAAAATTTTSSSS
- below).
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- DDDDAAAATTTTAAAA FFFFOOOORRRRMMMMAAAATTTT SSSSPPPPEEEECCCCIIIIFFFFIIIICCCCAAAATTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
- SSSSaaaammmmpppplllleeee FFFFoooorrrrmmmmaaaattttssss::::
- Two's complement integer, 32-bit single-precision floating point, or
- 64-bit double-precision floating point
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- SSSSaaaammmmpppplllleeee WWWWiiiiddddtttthhhhssss::::
- For integer: 8, 16, 24, and 32 bit; floating points are always 32
- and 64 bit, respectively
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- BBBByyyytttteeee OOOOrrrrddddeeeerrrrssss::::
- Only bigendian supported; littleendian files are generated on Intel
- NeXT machines
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- CCCChhhhaaaannnnnnnneeeellll CCCCoooouuuunnnnttttssss::::
- Any nonzero number, but 1, 2, and 4 are only ones found.
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- CCCCoooommmmpppprrrreeeessssssssiiiioooonnnn FFFFoooorrrrmmmmaaaattttssss::::
- CCITT G.711 A-Law
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- CCITT G.711 ulaw
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- CCITT G.722 (SND_FORMAT_ADPCM_G722)
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- FFFFIIIILLLLEEEE FFFFOOOORRRRMMMMAAAATTTT SSSSPPPPEEEECCCCIIIIFFFFIIIICCCCAAAATTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
- NeXT files can contain additional chunks of data. Most of these are
- parsed by the AF and made available:
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 1111
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- nnnneeeexxxxtttt((((4444)))) nnnneeeexxxxtttt((((4444))))
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- IIIInnnnssssttttrrrruuuummmmeeeennnntttt CCCCoooonnnnffffiiiigggguuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnnssss::::
- None allowed
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- MMMMaaaarrrrkkkkeeeerrrrssss::::
- None allowed
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- MMMMiiiisssscccceeeellllllllaaaannnneeeeoooouuuussss CCCChhhhuuuunnnnkkkkssss::::
- AAAAFFFF____MMMMIIIISSSSCCCC____NNNNeeeeXXXXTTTT NeXT 'info' chunk
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- CCCCAAAAVVVVEEEEAAAATTTTSSSS
- The AAAAFFFF____MMMMIIIISSSSCCCC____NNNNeeeeXXXXTTTT miscellaneous chunk is typically used to store a
- variable (and infinitely extendible) text string containing comments,
- copyright information, etc. There are, however, a significant number of
- NeXT format soundfiles which use this space to store application-specific
- binary (i.e., non-ascii) data. There is no guarenteed way to determine
- which is true, so applications should excercise care in printing the
- contents of this chunk.
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- Most audio file format documents claim that NeXT and Sun .au files have
- identical header formats. This is not the case. The difference lies in
- the text block which follows the header: NeXT files require that this
- chunk be at least 4 bytes (chars) long, whereas this chunk may be zero-
- length in a Sun .au file.
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- The Audio File Library will always save 8kHz sampling rate values as the
- "SND_RATE_CODEC" value (8012.8210513). The data in the file will not be
- rate-converted; the mapping only occurs in the header writing procedure.
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- SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
- afInitFileFormat(3dm), afGetFileFormat(3dm), afIntro(3dm),
- afInitCompression(3dm), afGetCompression(3dm)
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 2222
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